The first confirmed case of human hemolysis resulting from the venomous caterpillar, Lonomia, of Southern Brazil was reported in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Malaque et al. 2006. Eight hours after a brush with the Lonomia obliqua caterpillar (literally, his hand brushed it); a 64 year old man began vomiting and urinating blood (among other things). He was diagnosed with "caterpillar induced hemorrhagic syndrome".
Even though it was the first case of hemolysis, the caterpillar is associated with hemorrhagic syndrome (364 cases in 2004). What made this case different were lab reports indicating the patient's red blood cells burst open within the vessels.
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